Jwaq

0841

 語言是由一些子系統所構成的，這些子系統包括語音、語義、語法和語用。語音指的是掌管語音結構和語音組成順序的規則；語義則牽涉到詞彙，即以語詞和語詞的組合來表達概念的構成；語法則包括句法(語詞形成語句的規則)和語態(數量、時態、格位、人稱、主被動語能或其它有意義的標記。)；語用則是讓語言使用者恰當且有效溝通的規則。

 有很長一段時間，國與國之間的關係(國際關係)只著墨於國家和國家、政府和政府、首都和首都之間的研究。今天楊昊老師分享《中越和泰柬邊境情勢分析：國際關係的再省思》，提出了前一天和陳佩修老師再省思的觀點相似，就是往地方去(go local)觀察。去年暑假的時候，我也聽過楊宗澧學長分享在泰柬邊境的經驗，那時候並沒有這個對國際關係的再省思，可能是楊宗澧很像是NGO的人，講得也就是NGO的事，所以不會有如此地再省思。下面分享今天聽楊昊演講的心得：

佈施方式有三種，財佈施、法佈施和無畏施；佈施的對象也有三種，對佛法僧是種福田，對父母師長是種恩田，對遭遇不幸的人是種悲田。不論佈施的方式、對象為何，只要能夠佈施的人後必得大安樂。我這個人生性慳貪，沒什麼錢財，作不了財佈施，不過作作法佈施倒是可以。心情好，我來給大家法佈施一下。分享我的公案：

這學期除了讀了《Chinese among others: emigration in modern times》之外，我還讀了《東南亞多元與發展》，這是翻譯自《Southeast Asia: Diversity and Development》這本書的，也是中華民國九十九學年度第一學期，暨南大學東南亞研究所《現代東南亞研究》使用的教科書。我也在每個章節寫了心得，將連結羅列於下：

 這學期上《東南亞華人、社會與文化》，我們被要求閱讀Philip A. Kuhn寫的《Chinese among others: emigration in modern times》的大部分章節，如果你對該書有興趣，本文章最下方有試讀版。我將每一個被要求閱讀的章節寫了心得，依照原書的目錄順序，將每次閱讀心得和摘要的連結羅列如下：

Learning language could be fun, and I think it highly depends on if you are concentrated on and love in the language you are trying to learn. Most of people in Taiwan are “forced” to take English as first foreigner language, but few of them can really be good at English. I am of the opinion of that they don’t have interesting in the language or the culture. However, they might be excellent in Japanese or other languages. I have following suggestions for learning or teaching a foreign language.

First, as a language learner, you shouldn’t judge or criticize the structure, grammar or even the culture of the language you learn. The pattern of the foreign language is surely strange to people who aren’t familiar with it. If we can be humble and show our respects to any cultures and languages, I believe we can learn any languages we want.
Secondly, the motivation of language learners must be strong. Besides, the language teachers have to make his or her students understand the importance of the language learned while some students are forced to learn a language. If they realize the language are going to be acquired can be used around the world or their favorite countries, they will put all their efforts on learning it. As a language learner by self, they should be convinced by themselves so that they won’t give up learning the language easily.

Thirdly, the way of communication and transportation change evolutionarily, we have much more opportunity then before to learn a language and culture. Living in the global village, we should have no hesitation to acquire a foreign language. You can travel or even work in another country, you also might listen to the radio or watch the movie and TV program broadcasted through Internet or satellite.

Finally, you need to spend time on learning a language. The only thing we need to contribute is your precious time. You might argue that babies don’t spend time but acquire language naturally. However, you should be noticed that babies listen to the conversation from the people around them since they can’t speak. What we should devote to language learning is time.

As a good teacher, we should not put much stress on student. Evaluation, of course, is important for a member of a school system hierarchy. However, the learning will be endless if the students in the school or not. Thus, I think a good teacher can motivate student to keep learning. If we can learn language without pressure and a language teacher support this idea, both of the teacher and students could benefit from each other.

Thanks to the following adjusting from internet friend on plurk:

上研究所後，我能使用的時間變得很少，很少時間和朋友出去玩、很少時間看電影。多了一些往返家裡和學校的時間、多了一些縮減城鄉差距的交通往返。不過忙裡偷閒，總結這學期，我還是看了1.5部的泰劇和2部泰國電影。泰劇是《霹靂兒媳》(กลปืนเที่ยง)和《心火》(ดวงใจอัคนี)，兩部泰國電影是《大男孩》(บิ๊กบอย)和這一篇要推薦的《你好，陌生人》(กวนมึนโฮ)。下面分享《你好，陌生人》的心得：

這是兩個分手的陌生人，彼此不認識，在韓國相遇的愛情故事。男主角參加旅行團，到韓國旅遊，原本是和女朋友計劃好一起參加的，但不知怎麼地分手了，男主角抱著希望，仍以為女朋友會赴約於是隻身前往韓國；女主角則是暫時離開在曼谷的男朋友，沒想到在韓國時，收到男朋友要分手的消息，這豈不是晴天霹靂！